The Shoulder

Basic Functional Examination

Basic Principles:

Resisted Movements

A maximal isometric contraction is asked for and held for a few seconds.

These manoeuvres test mainly the contractile structures (muscle-tendon system and its innervation).

• Resisted movements are always performed isometrically, on a joint in a neutral (midrange) position.
• The joint should not move when maximal resistance is applied.
• The position of the examiner must therefore be such that the force exerted by the patient can easily be resisted.

Resisted movements test for Strength and Pain.

These two criteria may exist in isolation or combined.

• Pain: The patient must understand the difference between 'the pain' and 'an' unpleasant feeling due to the muscular tension or the counterpressure exerted by the examiner.
• Strength: Always compare with the unaffected side.

[Start]

[Main shoulder]

[Flowcharts shoulder]

[A System of Orthopaedic Medicine]

Copyright © 2021 DR. L. OMBREGT All Rights Reserved
The author can not be held responsible for any damage caused by the use of any information provided.